The Chicano Theater started since the time of exploration by the Spanish conquistadors.During that time, they used theater as a means to communicate with the natives and spread the religion onto the natives. San Fransisco and Los Angeles were the major centers of Hispanic theater during the 19th century. As the railroads were established, communication and transportation became easier, which led to the spread of Chicano theater to Chicago. The Chicano theatre started to address issues that the community had problems with, such as the struggles of adapting to the culture and language. And the theatre also worked in compliance with the civil rights movement for achieving equality to the Hispanic community in the population. Luis Valdez's El Teatro Campesino is an example. El Teatro Campesino served as model and led to the spread and growth of hispanic theater around US. Many successful plays including Zoot Suit were created by the Chicano theatre groups. Later on women came into the limelight of writing and producing plays, like Estela Portillo. The Cuban theater was found in the last decades of 19th century and at the beginning they were focused on the Cuban independence from Spain. During the Cuban revolution the Cuban theater activities increased drastically. The criticism by the communist revolution as well as the nostalgic feeling towards the homeland was the primary concern for the Cuban theater. The later generations of playwrights have used bilingualism to communicate well with the audience. The focus of the hispanic theaters were mainly the homeland's independence and the struggle of immigrants in the US.